Kakadu National Park
6/30/2008
What an incredible weekend. We’re now moved back into our hotel in
Last week, after our second day of class, we took a tour of a liquid natural gas plant outside of town. A chemical engineer talked us through the plant, their gas recovery process, and the business side of things. The offshore gas field that they pull from produces a couple products, some of which are directly loaded on a tanker at the near the platform, and the rest comes through a pipe laying on the sea floor to the plant outside
On Friday, we left
Next we stopped at the Ubirr Rock Art trailhead, where we learned a lot from our guides about the history of the paintings on the various rocks around. Kakadu is a unique park because it is a World Heritage site for both natural and cultural reasons. These paintings were similar in some ways to the petroglyphs I’ve seen out west. Most of the paintings were of animals and highlighted the fatty areas of the animal, I guess to show the best parts to eat. Some of the most interesting things about the culture: longest continually running form of communism in the world, the ‘sick areas’ that the people knew to stay away from were found to be those with high uranium deposits, they use controlled burning to clear the bush land helping to promote growth and encourage wildlife, they have distinct anatomical differences in skull shape from their supposed relatives in Africa. I was intrigued by the way they learned to live off the land, and many still do so to this day. The evidence of the presence of fire is everywhere in the countryside.
The camping setup was nice, lots of two man tents set up in a small field. The first night we had kangaroo, crocodile, and buffalo burgers for the meat portion of our meal. The kangaroo was a dark brown, tougher meat that was delicious. The crocodile was a softer white meat like chicken. We learned out to play didgeridoos around the campfire, had smores and listened to Johny Reed, our aboriginal guide, tell us about how his people use the plants and trees that we could see around us. He was hilarious. “Took me 20,000 years to get this tan!” They walk around bare foot with no sun screen or bug spray, having none of the problems that kept a lot of the kids uncomfortable in the camp ground.
The next morning we went to Mary’s Place, an aboriginal woman who’s an artist and opens her home up for people to see how things run. She showed us some pictures of her and her family gathering food in the traditional way. The most interesting one was that of her, her husband and kids gathering file snakes from the river. Apparently the snakes are harmless to humans and are usually fat and slow. So they go into the edge of the water and feel around with their hands and feet in the mud, exploring roots and holes to find the snakes. When they find them, they bring them up, stick the head of the snake into their mouth, bite down, and pull, killing the snake. Pretty hard core to see a woman grab a snake, put it in her mouth, kill it and move on. We got some more lessons on the didge while the girls made bracelets out of pandanas leaves. The kids who lived there were pretty amazing at the didgeridoo – the hardest part about the instrument is learning to do circular breathing. I started to catch on but moreso just learned to appreciate how good they are at it. Coincidentally, there was an installation team there finishing a hybrid solar/diesel electricity source. Our professor went to talk to them and found one of his previous students doing the install, so we got an impromptu walk-thru of the solar setup. It was interesting to hear Mary talk with such little fear about the three dogs they’ve lost to crocodiles in her back yard in the past year.
After leaving Mary’s, we went to a billabong (pond) where we ate fresh pineapple while learning about the geological history of the area. This was to kill some time before our tour started at Ranger Uranium mine. This is a really unique and controversial area because the uranium was found before the creation of the national park, so there’s actually a uranium mine inside a national park because the park was made around privately held land. That being said, it is one of the most environmentally monitored mine sites in the world because it operates in such close proximity to preciously protected wildlife. They mine 10% of the world’s uranium out of that mine and are halfway to the bottom of their pit. Learning about how they take the uranium in dirt form to 400 kg barrels that sell for $80,000 a piece was really amazing. It was most intriguing to learn that while those barrels are 99% pure uranium, only 5% of each barrel is used after enrichment in the fuel rods in a nuclear power plant because in our current design, we only use U238 and most of what’s in the barrel is U235 . I don’t know much about the specifics in nuclear degradation, but it seems like a ridiculous amount of effort to extract that small amount to make power. I understand that a lot of electricity results from that small percentage, but it’s crazy how much work it takes to get there. I’m skeptical as to the optimistic projections for how little they impact the environment, and how their profit of $50 million a year is giving back to the area at all. There are some interesting things about the place – the power for the facility is created by 5 huge diesel engines, burning 23,000 liters of diesel each day, all the water that leaves the facility does so by evaporating into the air through natural evaporation from their holding ponds, they have gamma ray scanners that determine each truck load’s uranium content, they have 16 of those colossal dump trucks running around the clock. Our tour guide seemed to have some holes in his logic but had interesting things to say about the role of his plant in the world’s energy future. He made a connection to the Bronze and Iron Age to today’s uranium use, saying that bronze and iron were first used to make weapons, then found to have useful purposes outside of weaponry. He countered that point with the fact that even after the finer uses of bronze and iron were found, weapons continued to be made out of those materials. Obviously both statements apply to uranium today. His viewpoint was that the Baby Boomers (him included) were the ones who created most of the problems we have now, but it’s our generation’s job to figure out how to fix it. After leaving the plant, we dropped by another billabong called the
Yesterday, we drove a couple hours to
Jacky is a brave woman. I talked to her a lot during this trip because I knew that she knew a lot more about the land than she cared to tell in the group setting and I wanted to see what more there was to learn. She was 30 and had been guiding up there for 6 years, has been adopted into an aboriginal family in a nearby area, studied environmental science, was a definite free spirit and traveled around the world for 3 years before she went to the ‘Uni’ (they refer to college as the university). Anyways, the reason I say she’s brave is because three years ago, on the UNSW trip, they were swimming at a different place called Jim Jim Falls when she spotted a snake in the water. It was swimming toward some tourists that weren’t part of her group but didn’t see the oncoming danger. So Jacky cuts off the snake from getting to the people, kind of trying to herd it off, staying about 15 feet away from it as people swim to shore behind her. Chaos I’m sure was breaking loose as she was trying to keep people calm but people on shore were yelling SNAKE!! As it swam closer, she grabbed it behind the head as it wrapped its tail around her arm. She wasn’t sure what kind it was but had a couple of guesses, hoping it was the non-poisonous guess. She grabbed just barely too far behind its head so it was able to reach back and bite her twice on the hand. She tried to remain calm and tell herself it wasn’t poisonous, the two bleeding fang marks on the area between her thumb and first finger said otherwise. She had to swim 50 meters back to shore with the snake and there here fellow guide identified the snake as a Western Brown snake, one of the most poisonous in the world. They immediately laid her down, bandaged her arm up and went for help. The helicopter arrived an hour later, taking her to the nearest town, Jabiru, which is the town that’s next to the Ranger uranium mine. There, she waited 5 hours until the medical evacuation helicopter arrived to take her to
Maybe you’re asking yourself “Is this kid actually doing any school work while he’s there?” Well, the answer is yes and no. Class has been incredible so far, we’ve finished our time with our first lecturer and have been getting acquainted with our second, as he was on the weekend trip with us. Iain, our first lecturer, deals with energy policy foremost, trying to aid the people who make the big decisions in seeing all parts of the picture. It is an incredible challenge to be knowledgeable and understanding of all the different aspects that affect alternative and renewable energy. You first look at the infrastructure that we have now. Then you think of ways to change that or clean it up so the adverse effects are removed. The hard part is that doing so involves an incredibly complex economic system, a system of ethics that governs the need to protect our environment, provide electricity for those who don’t have it, the fairness in doing so, the psychology of the general population in changing a mindset to prevent further disaster, forecasting of resources and changes based on the use of them, etc. etc. etc. There are so many complicated and interdisciplinary issues that I would have to say that I think this is one of the most difficult problems that engineering could be associated with. Uncertainty in the numbers is such a huge question mark that we can’t sit around and wonder how accurate they are; it’s time to move. Unfortunately, changing a system that seems to work wonderfully is going to be hard work, and due to human nature, there’s not much chance to get everybody on board unless it somehow affects large numbers of people. It becomes quite obvious that we’ve got to change something when you realize how unsustainable the current system is. I guess you could use a simple analogy of a car: works wonderfully until it runs out of gas, at which point it is of no use. There are so many caveats and counter points to every issue, it is absolutely fascinating to discuss. I thought it was humorous that in the seasonal changes in the Top End (northern part of
Our accommodation has been interesting, it suits me quite well because I have a mattress but there are vast differences between the setup in the types of rooms different people have. The kids of the entire summer program are situated in two different hotels, a couple minute walk apart. The smaller programs (imaging, wildlife) have a nice hotel where the rooms have washer and dryer, kitchen, living room, and multiple bedrooms. Our hotel, the other one, has two types of rooms: the one that I’ve been fortunate to get with a small kitchen setup, bunks and a bathroom, the other is room with bunks and a bathroom. So some people have to pay for laundry, some can’t cook in their rooms, some have ants, some have 5 to a room, others have 3. Everybody paid the same amount for the program, so I guess it’s just fortune whether or not you get the shaft (as some of the girls said). Overall, things are pretty organized but are casual enough to feel like they could have planned things out a little more. All's well here though!


